Global Warming And Climate Change - 1801 Words

Eduardo Gomez Global Social Change Dr. Afshin Razani June 21, 2015 Climate change, also called global warming, refers to the rise in average surface temperatures on Earth. An overwhelming scientific consensus maintains that climate change is due primarily to the human use of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air. The primary cause of climate change is the burning of fossil fuels, such as oil and coal, which emits greenhouse gases into the atmosphere primarily carbon dioxide. Other human activities, such as agriculture and deforestation, also contribute to the greenhouse gases that cause climate change. Small increases in Earth’s temperature caused by climate change can have severe effects.†¦show more content†¦Because winter temperatures are rising faster than summer ones, cold-related deaths are likely to decline. Climate change could lead to even warmer temperatures in cities. This would increase the need for electricity in the summer to run air conditioning, which in would increase air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions from power plants. The impacts of future heat waves could be especially severe in urban areas. For example, in Los Angeles, annual heat-related deaths are projected to increase two- to seven-fold by the end of the 21st century, depending on the future gr owth of greenhouse gas emissions. Heat waves are also often accompanied by periods of stagnant air, leading to increases in air pollution and the associated health effects. The frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events is projected to increase in some locations, as is the severity of tropical storms. These extreme weather events could cause injuries and, in some cases, death. As with heat waves, the people most at risk include young children, older adults, people with medical conditions, and the poor. Extreme events can also indirectly threaten human health in a number of ways. Reduce the availability of fresh food and water, interrupt communication, utility, and health care services, Contribute to carbon monoxide poisoning from portable electric generators used during and after storms. Ground-level ozone can damage lung tissue and can reduce lung function and inflame airways.Show MoreRelatedGlobal Warming And Climate Change974 Words   |  4 Pagesabout global warming, whether it is true or false. Is there evidence to prove that global warming has impacted the climate due to the rise in the earth’s temperature? Climate change is a problem that is worldwide that should be reviewed. The rise in the earth’s temperature has caused some impact to the weather and climate changes to many places worldwide. This rise in temperature has the potential of causing drastic changes to the earth in many ways. It is time to view the global warming concernsRead MoreClimate Change Of Global Warming924 Words   |  4 Pages Figure 0.1 shows the different effects of global warming. Global warming is the warming of our planet at an extreme rate. The Earth’s climate has warmed by 7.8OC since 1880. (Quick facts about science, 2015). What causes global warming? The cause of global warming is the carbon dioxide. This acts like a blanket. Protecting the earth, and heating the earth. Sun rays would normally bounce around the earth, but with the blanket, the sun rays heat the blanket which heats the earth. (Petersen ScienceRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change1398 Words   |  6 Pages Global warming and climate change have been frequent topics of discussion over the past several years. Although people tend to focus on the politics, it is important to look past the media aspects of it into the cold hard facts of what our Earth is currently experiencing, and what has caused it in the first place. The cause of climate change includes natural causes, but human causes are what is generating such a rapid global temperature change. It’s time that the ways in which humanity affectsRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1060 Words   |  5 PagesClimate change (Klaus) 1000 The terms â€Å"global warming†, â€Å"climate change† or â€Å"greenhouse effect† have become more than just parts of the popular lexicon as they rather are subject of public discussions, scientific research or political debates. Despite the popularity and the ubiquity of these terms, the public’s theoretical and conceptual understanding of them and their causal relations is often based on superficial knowledge and buzzwords or caricatures outlined and depicted in several popular mediaRead MoreClimate Change : Global Warming1194 Words   |  5 PagesDonya Curtis April 19, 2017 English 1001-rough draft Global Warming Global warming is one facet of the broader term climate change. It is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth s surface air and oceans from the mid 20th century and the projected continuation. The Global warming is primarily the consequence of building up greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. Emission rates for most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas, CO2, have increased 120 fold in the past 140 years. WhileRead MoreClimate Change and Global Warming1074 Words   |  5 PagesClimate change and Global Warming are out of control. This means that, no matter what policies, processes or actions are implemented, the Earth as we know it will never be the same again. There is significant evidence to support this hypothesis. The dilemma becomes whether we can limit the damage and adapt to a new status quo or not. Rising sea levels and the damage caused by this phenomenon has irreversible impacts on coastlines worldwide. Damage to sensitive reef systems cannot be fixed. This alsoRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1022 Words   |  5 PagesWhat = Climate Change Who = Emma, Aoife, Julia, Rachael, Mariah and Cà ©line What is it? Climate Change is a change in the demographic distribution of weather patterns, and related change in oceans, land surfaces and ice sheets, happening over time scales of decades or longer. It’s the world’s greatest threat. Climate change is the change in temperature over a period of time. It involves the greenhouse effect and global warming. Where is it? It is an issue affecting everyone everywhere. ClimateRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1474 Words   |  6 Pagesphenomenon, known as â€Å"smog† became an often daily occurrence in big, urbanized cites across the globe. Also, Al Gore’s book, An Inconvenient Truth, popularized the issue of climate change and global warming as a result of the damage that the modern world has done to the atmosphere. He noted that people resist the facts about climate change due to the inconvenience of changing their lifestyles. But, uninhibited industrialization of several countries has led to intense modernization and revolution of theRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming928 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper will discuss climate change and global warming on the economy. The paper also gives a description on climate change and global warming. As well as what it hold for future business owners. It will also discuss what the government is doing about climate change/global warming. Climate change is a long-term shift in the statistics of the weather (including its averages). For example, it could show up as a change in climate normal (expected average values for temperature and precipitation)Read MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1630 Words   |  7 PagesClimate Related Threats Global warming will lead to uncontrollable devastation such as famine, war, and economic instability. Climate change will accelerate the dislocation of hundreds of millions of people and the extinction of many species. The negative effects of climate change are obvious on every continent. Professor Le Quere, director of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research at the University of East Anglia said, The human influence on climate change is clear. The atmosphere and

What is the Impact of ICT on Economic Growth Free Essays

Background: A nation’s standard of living is the most significant indicator of national economic performance. Economic growth is considered the most powerful engine for generating long term increases in standards of living. In today’s world economy, technology is a key factor that has a strong impact on economic growth both in short and long term. We will write a custom essay sample on What is the Impact of ICT on Economic Growth? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thus, economists have become accustomed to associate long term economic growth with technological progress (Mokyr, 2005). Economists identify technology as ideas or knowledge that helps to produce output from inputs. Having more technology means being capable of producing more output with a given amount of inputs. People tend to focus on computers and the Internet as the icons of economic development, but it is the process that generates new ideas and innovations not the technologies themselves, that is the energy that sustains economic growth (Cortright, 2001). Accordingly, firms have invested in new technologies when they have seen an opportunity to earn profits. Investment in technology contributes to overall capital deepening. The greater use of technology may help firms reduce their costs, enhance their productivity and increase their overall efficiency, and thus raise economic growth. Moreover, greater use of information and communication technology may contribute to network effects, such as lower transaction costs, higher productivity of knowledge workers, and more rapid innovation, which will improve the overall efficiency of the economy (Moradi and Kebryaee, 2005). Research aim: This paper discusses the impact of Information and Communication technology on economic growth. Research hypothesis: The use of information and communication technology (ICT) is directly related to economic growth. Literature review: Although economic growth and technological progress are conceptually distinct, both theory and evidence suggest they often come together. Earlier economists had been interested in linking them together. Paul Romer’s New Growth theory, often called endogenous growth theory, is a view of the economy that incorporates two points. First, it views technological progress as a product of economic activity. Second, it holds that, unlike physical objects, knowledge and technology are characterized by increasing returns, and these increasing returns drive the process of growth (Cortright, 2001).The central idea of the New Growth theory is that the increase in returns is associated with new knowledge or technology. According to Romer, economic growth does not result from adding more labor to more capital, but from new and enhanced ideas articulated as technological development. In the 1950s, Robert Solow developed a model that added technical knowledge as a third factor -beside capital and labor- that continued to push economic productivity and growth (Cotright, 2001). In this model, Solow assumed that changes in technological progress have permanent effects on economic growth, while other changes have only level effects. Solow’s model pictured technology as a continuous, ever expanding set of knowledge. Chen and Kee in 2005 developed a theoretical model which states that knowledge is the main engine of economic growth, and that RD and human capital are tools to â€Å"endogenize† the accumulation of knowledge via technical progress (Detschew, 2008). Their main idea was that the increase in human capital in RD sector produces more innovations and at the same time the higher stock of human capital is considered as a factor of production, and using the innovations raises the rate of output growth. The rate of human capital growth biases the growth rate of productivity and output per worker, consequently, the growth rate per capita GDP (Detschew, 2008). Discussion: Taking into account the effects of technology on economic growth, we shift to emphasize on the Information and communication technology (ICT). ICT definition varies, causing intensive confusion. Many economists and agencies could not find a typical definition of ICT within the framework of economics. Patrick Bongo (2005) defined ICT as a set of activities that facilitate by electronic means the processing, transmission and display of information. According to the World Bank, ICT consist of the whole range of technologies designed to access, process and transmit information: hardware, software, networks and media for collection, storage, processing transmission, and presentation of information in the form of voice, sound, data, text and images. They range from the telephone, mobile phone, hardware, software to the internet (Detschew, 2008). Since economic growth is the ability of a nation to produce more goods and services (Bongo, 2005), therefore, the use of ICT enables the production of more goods in a shorter time as well as provides more efficient services. Miles (2001) explained that economic growth could happen in two ways; â€Å"the increased use of land, labor, capital and entrepreneurial resources by using improved technology or management techniques and increased productivity of existing resource use through rising labor and capital productivity†, which further explains the impact of ICT on economic growth. OECD (2003) mentioned three main impacts of ICT on economic growth. Capital deepening: investment in ICT contributes in overall capital deepening and consequently helps raise labor productivity. While the qualities and capabilities of ICTs have been improved all over the years, nominal prices of most ICTs have decreased (Hempell and Writschaftsforschung, 2006). Together, these developments had large declines in prices in real terms, which encouraged downstream sectors to increase their capital spending in real terms and consequently result in capital deepening. In addition, the decrease in ICTs prices and the resulting capital deepening contribute to overall labor productivity growth. Contribution of declining prices of ICT equipment to growth: Contribution of declining prices of ICT equipment to growth: http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2010/wp1066.pdf (Haacker, 2010). 2. Technical progress in the ICT sector: for several years, there have been outstanding progress in the production of ICT goods and services; the qualities of these goods and services have improved. The production of ICT goods and services as a result of rapid technological progress may contribute to more rapid multifactor productivity (MFP) growth in the ICT producing sector (OECD, 2003). Increasing the amount and type of capital and labor used in production, plus reaching higher overall efficiency in how these factors of production can be used, would directly lead to economic growth, specifically higher multifactor productivity. http://coevolving.com/blogs/index.php/archive/ict-capital-and-the-services-sector-in-oecd-reports/ 3. Spillover effects: the greater use of ICT possibly will help out companies enhance their overall efficiency and thus raise MFP; also it may contribute to network effects, such as lower transaction costs and more innovations, which will improve the economy’s overall efficiency. Figure 1. The contribution of ICTs to economic growth (Source: ITU, World Telecommunication/ICT Development Report 2006: Measuring ICT for Social and Economic Development (Geneva: ITU, 2006), 44, http://www.unapcict.org/academy/academy-modules/english/Academy-Module8-Update-Section1.pdf Conclusion: The three impacts mentioned above all feed through economic growth, which prove that ICT has a positive impact on economic growth. But having this technology only is not enough to derive economic benefits. Many other factors are needed such as stable environment, the availability of the right skills, the organizational ability to make ICT effective in the workplace. It is important to mention that countries with equal flow of ICT will not always have equal impacts of ICT on their economic performances. Bibliography: Borros, M. 1997. Technology policy and Economic Growth. [Online]. Available at: http://brie.berkeley.edu/publications/WP%2097.pdf Mokyr, J. 2005. Long term Economic Growth and the History of Technology. [Online]. Departments of Economic and History, Northwestern University. Available at: http://faculty.wcas.northwestern.edu/~jmokyr/AGHION1017new.pdf Cortright, J. 2001. New growth theory: technology and learning. [Online]. Reviews of economic development literature and practice. No. 4. Available at: http://www.eda.gov/ImageCache/EDAPublic/documents/pdfdocs/1g3lr_5f7_5fcortright_2epdf/v1/1g3lr_5f7_5fcortright.pdf moradi, M. and Kebryaee, M. 2005. Impact of information and communication technology on economic growth in selected Islamic countries. [Online]. Available at: http://www.ecomod.org/files/papers/987.pdf Bongo, P. 2005. The impact of ICT on economic growth. [Online]. EconWPA, development and computer systems. Available at: http://129.3.20.41/eps/dev/papers/0501/0501008.pdf Miles, P. 2001. Globalization-Economic growth and development and development indicators. [Online]. Available at: http:// www.planetpapers.com/assets/4302.php OECD. 2003. ICT and economic growth: evidence from OECD countries, industries, and firms. [Online]. Available at: http://www.labs-associados.org/docs/OCDE_TIC.PDF Detschew, S. 2008. Impact of ICT in the developing countries on the economic growth. [Online]. Available at: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Gx8viG1uNK4Cprintsec=frontcoverdq=ICT+and+economic+growthhl=enei=XT2vTafMIIbOswafn63XDAsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=2sqi=2ved=0CC4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepageqf=false Hempell, T. 2006. Computers and productivity: how firms make a general purpose technology work. [Online]. Vol.33. Available at: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=oBzzBMa6Y-sCprintsec=frontcoverdq=Computers+and+productivity:+how+firms+make+a+general+purpose+technology+workhl=enei=GT6vTZHGFoX3sgasq-jXDAsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CDgQ6AEwAA#v=onepageqf=false How to cite What is the Impact of ICT on Economic Growth?, Essay examples

JB Hi-Fi Organizational Management for General -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theJB Hi-Fi Organizational Management for General External. Answer: General External Environment Analysis External environment in respect to any organization are those situations, factors, forces and conditions exists beyond the limits of organization and have the capabilities to considerably alter the organizations performance in a specific market. Robbins et al (2016, p. 34) in their book Management The Essentials 3e have sub-divided the external environment into two parts namely specific external environment and general external environment. As stated by the author, The general environment consists of the broad sociocultural, technological, economic, political/ legal and global conditions in the society in which the organisation operates. Specific environment on the other hand is composed of the stakeholders of the organisation with whom it has direct interaction. Any change in specific external environment results into immediate alteration in the organisation (Robbins et al 2016, p. 37). Robbins et al (2016, p.34) further linked both types of external environment by stating that cha nge in general external environment influences specific external environment. JB HI-FIs General External Environment The founders of JB HI-FI had established the company as a electronic retail store in 2002. The company later entered the online e-commerce market after expanding their business around the Australia (Jb hi-fi Company 2017). The general external environment of the company is as follows. Socio-cultural JB HI-FI is operates in the retail sector selling electronic good in the Australian market. Hence, it requires the cultural aspect of the society to be technologically advanced to gain profit out of it. Technology on the other hand is an integral part of material culture of a society. Australian society has adopted the technological advancement as ti is evidenced from its extensive use of advanced technological products. Every age group of the Australian society uses some kind of electronic products in their daily lives. Furthermore, the country is a center of international students. These factors of Australian society will help JB HI-FI to expand in the market. Political Stability in the Australian government is evidenced except the time of federal election, when the private sectors face turmoil on the grounds of employment. The capitalistic government in Australia further favors the industrial growth. Economic Australian GDP for 2016 when adjusting by purchasing power parity is US$44414 (Tradingeconomics.com. 2017). It means that the purchasing power of the Australian population is considerably high, which creates appropriate market for the electronics business to grow. Technological Australia has attained its advancement in technological aspects, which facilitates the industrial growth. Every part of the country is well connected with advanced mode of transportation. Impact of legal factor on JB HI-FI in 2016/2017 As identified by Tucker (2017) in a business report, the government announced data retention for all the inbound and outbound call, messages, emails or what so ever utilized on the technological grounds. In other words, every phone calls, messages and emails within the boundaries of Australia from October 2015 had been tracked by the government to protect the country against the organized crimes or terrorism. However, the extension of this implemented scheme is not transparent to the public of business organization leading them to doubt about the privacy of their data. The organizations are no more secure in keeping their business data a secret and are in constant insecurity of data theft. Reference Auzair, S., 2011, The effect of business strategy and external environment on management control systems: a study of Malaysian hotels -International Journal of Business and Social Science,2(13). Bryson, J.M., 2011,Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement(Vol. 1). John Wiley Sons. Crane, A. Matten, D., 2016,Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization - Oxford University Press. Dam, L. Scholtens, B., 2013, Ownership concentration and CSR policy of European multinational enterprises - Journal of Business Ethics,118(1), pp.117-126. Dauber, D., Fink, G. Yolles, M., 2012. A configuration model of organizational culture.Sage Open,2(1), p.2158244012441482. Jb hi-fi Company 2017.JB Hi-Fi | JB Hi-Fi - Australia's Largest Home Entertainment Retailer, retrieved 23 Nov. 2017 https://www.jbhifi.com.au/ Robbins, SP, DeCenzo, D, Coulter, M Wood, M 2016, Management The Essentials 3e, Pearson Australia Group Pty. Ltd., Melbourne. Tradingeconomics.com. 2017.Australia GDP per capita PP 1990-2017 Data Chart Calendar. [online] Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/australia/gdp-per-capita-ppp [Accessed 25 Nov. 2017]. Tucker, H. 2017.Australia's 3 biggest technology challenges. [online] Business Insider Australia. Retrieved 25 Nov. 2017 at: https://www.businessinsider.com.au/australias-3-biggest-technology-challenges-2016-5